Ed de Jong, Heinz Stichnothe, Geoff Bell and Henning Jørgensen (EIA Bioenergy) Since the first issue of the IEA Bioenergy Task 42 report on bio-based chemicals in 2011, the importance of a circular economy has become evident. In the transition to a circular economy, chemicals and materials produced from biomass will play a key role. This update of the 2011 report addresses the main biobased chemicals that could potentially be co-produced with secondary energy carriers in integrated biorefinery facilities. READ MORE Download study
Contents
Executive summary …………………………………………………………………………………………. 5
1. Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 7
2. Biorefineries and the bio-based economy…………………………………………………………….. 9
3. Biorefinery platforms for chemicals production ……………………………………………………. 12
3.1 Pyrolysis Oil Platform…………………………………………………………………………………. 13
3.2 Biomass Balance Approach………………………………………………………………………….. 13
3.3 CO2-Platform…………………………………………………………………………………………… 13
3.4 Syngas Platform ……………………………………………………………………………………….14
3.5 Sugar platform ………………………………………………………………………………………… 15
3.6 Fermentation products from sugars ……………………………………………………………….. 16
3.7 Chemical transformation products from sugars………………………………………………….. 17
3.8 Lignin Platform ………………………………………………………………………………………… 17
3.9 Bio-Oil Platform ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 19
3.10 Organic Solutions Platform ………………………………………………………………………… 20
4. Bio-based Chemicals and Polymers – Opportunities and Growth Predictions………………….. 22
5. Economic benefit of co-production of fuel and chemicals ………………………………………… 25
6. Product Commercialisation ……………………………………………………………………………. 28
7. Greenhouse gas GHG emission reductions and other environmental impacts through bio- based
chemical production………………………………………………………………………………….. 31
7.1 Oxidation state of carbon in the chemical compound …………………………………………… 34
8. Future scenario’s for the role of bio-based chemicals in a sustainable and circular bioeconomy 35
9. Commercial & Near Market Products ………………………………………………………………… 39
9.1 C1 containing compounds ……………………………………………………………………….. 42
9.2 C2 containing compounds ……………………………………………………………………….. 43
9.3 C3 containing compounds ……………………………………………………………………….. 46
9.4 C4 containing compounds ……………………………………………………………………….. 51
9.5 C5 containing compounds ……………………………………………………………………….. 54
9.6 C6 containing compounds ……………………………………………………………………….. 58
9.7 Higher Cn containing compounds ………………………………………………………………. 60
10. Discussion …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 63
11. Conclusions …………………………………………………………………………………………… 65
12. Works Cited …………………………………………………………………………………………… 66